Monroe Doctrine Spanish-American War 1898 Central Powers World War I Allies World War I Woodrow Wilson Paris Peace Conference – Versailles Treaty Fourteen Points League of Nations collective security isolationism (non entanglement) Washington Naval Conference Great Depression Dirty Thirties / the Low Dishonest Decade Franklin Delano Roosevelt—FDR Pearl Harbor Operation Torch 

US Military Strength 1945: 12 million troops 1946: 6.1 million troops 1948: 1.6 million troops Defense Budget   1945: $80 billion (40% of GNP) 1946: $45 billion 1947: $11 billion (5% of GNP) Soviet Military Strength 1945: 11.3 million troops1947:   2.8 million   Soviet defence budget falls from 137.8 billion rubles in 1944 to 55.2 billion by 1947

Marxist Bolshevik faction of Russian Social Democratic Party  Tsar Nicholas I “gendarme of Europe” Crimean War (1853-56) “industrial wars” Tsar Alexander II Tsar Nicholas II Russo-Japanese War of 1905 Port Arthur Battleship Potemkin 1905 Russian Revolution Duma Ottoman Empire Dardanelle Straits Black Sea February Revolution of 1917 October “Revolution” of 1917 the sealed railway car Vladimir Illych Ulyanov — Lenin Soviets Russian Civil War 1918-1923 Red Army – White Army Treaty of Brest-Litovsk Russian Intervention Karl Marx Communist Manifesto trade unionism “conspiracy to restrict trade” anarchists Haymarket Square Bombing (Riot) US Attorney General Mitchell Palmer Palmer Raids Red Scare Mario ‘Mike’ Buda (Buda’s Wagon) American Civil Liberties Union – the ACLU  J. Edgar Hoover (FBI) Winnipeg General Strike (Great Winnipeg Strike) RCMP Security Service Checka Comintern NEP (New Economic Policy) Nikolai Bukharin Joseph Stalin “socialism in one country” collectivization Great Terror 1937 Gulag NKVD Soviet-Nazi Non-Aggression Treaty (Ribbentrop Pact/Stalin-Hitler Pact) Operation Sea Lion Operation Barbarossa Elbe Link-up

Berlin 1945